Last Name 1

Instructor Name

Packagingredesign Recommendation for Retro Beverages

Thedynamics of supply and demand are compelling retailers to recommendnew product packaging design to fit the needs of consumersaccordingly. The pressure from the retailers rests on the suppliersto review the product package, in this case for Retro beverage tobecome competitive in the beverage industry there is need to considernew packaging for the yet to be introduced line of beverages.Effective packaging plays a key role in the process of persuading theconsumer to make an informed choice concerning the best product tobuy and for retailers to manage product display at the point ofpurchase.

NewRetro beverage will incorporate new graphic design on the traditionalRetro bottle. The reasons behind this are to maintain the alreadybuilt brand identity for easy differentiation from those of thecompany’s competitors. Secondly, this would reduce extra expensesto be incurred in the redesigning new logistic packing containersfrom the traditionally used. It is important to note that Retrobeverage retailers depend on customized repackaging to sell to theconsumers therefore, being able to differentiate the customers basedon their income and usage.

Apartfrom maintaining the bottle shape and design, the front graphics willbe changed to new attractive fonts, colors and graphic images toinstill the organic aspect of the new brand to the potentialconsumer, because Retro beverage consumers are aware of the inorganicdrinks offered by the company. Therefore, adopting the same graphicswill have minimal communication to the consumer about how new theproduct is. The conceptual graphic design of new Retro organic drinkis illustrated below.

Figure 1:Proposed new front package for new Retro organic beverage

Background color forthe graphic cover should be red and the font white bold. These twoaspects are important, as they can be conspicuous to the eye of thecustomer hence easy to draw their attention. Two eco-sensitivity thebottle front cover should be printed using laser technology toreduce, ultimate pollution to be caused by the front cover pill offas it is the case of the traditional one. Close adoption of the newpackage design will help the company to build a strong brand for thenew line of products to be offered due to strong differentiation fromtheir traditional products, which are currently performing dismally.

WorkCited

Rundh,Bo. &quotPackaging design: creating competitive advantage withproduct packaging.&quot&nbspBritishFood Journal&nbsp111.9(2009): 988-1002.

Last Name 1

Instructor Name

Howa Game Video Company Can Be Guilty Of Product Liability

In the recent years, there havebeen some cases of rampage shootings that are related to playingviolent video games. For example, a shooting in Washington Navy Yardthat left 13 people dead (Bushman&amp Brad, n.p). After a few days, reports were released that provedthe shooter played extremely violent video games. Some of theshooter`s friends informed the media that he played almost 16 hours aday and they believed that the shooting must be related to theviolent video games. Video game fans are quick to react and disputesuch kind of allegations. When incidents like this happen, some blameto lean on the manufacturer of the video games (Bushman, Brad). Someof the game manufacturers have been sued due to their violent videogames. The main argument that tends to arise is whether the companieswho make such games are liable to such incidents and whether theyshould be sued. What people want is a yes-or-no answer supporting theargument that the video games are liable to such action(Fletcher &ampLyndee, n.p).According to numerous studies, there are some links between violentvideo games and violent behaviors. If an individual decided to suethe video game companies, how will he or she go through it? All thecases that video game companies have been sued involve productliability issues. When sellers or a manufacturer hands a defectiveproduct to consumers, they are held liable for their actions(Fletcher &amp Lyndee, n.p).They are several types of product liability, but only a few can beused to sue video game companies. These types of product liabilityhave always been used in court, but most of the time they failbecause of the lack of evidence.

Productliability types that can be used in video game violence scenarios

In a general overview of productliability, theyshould meet theexpectations of a customer, and the manufacturer and seller areliable if a product defect causes injuries to a customer. A companycan be sued when a product has an unexpected defect that might risk acustomer’s life. When dealing with a scenario where a video gamecompany is sued for changes of human behavior, one should understandthat there is no product liability law. Product liabilities are basedon theories of strict liability, negligence, and breach of warranty(Gregory &amp Marceau, n.p). Oneof the product liability that can be used to sue a video game companyfor violence behaviors of gamers is product design defect.

If a videogame has a designdefect and there is, a foreseeable risk a company can be sued in suchan occasion. If thegame design hadanother alternative that could cause less harm, but the company,distributor omitted the reasonable design the company can be sued.There are many studies about the effect of violent video games andsome support that they affect the human behaviors. One recent studydone at Ohio state university concludes that people who play violentgames for long periods and eat steady diet, eventually see the worldas a violent place.

Negative effects of playingviolent games can be used to describe companies that make this gamehave product liability (Gregory&amp Marceau, n.p). An individual can argue that these companieshave the technology to make better games that are less violent.According to many studies, the reasons why the video gamemanufacturing companies make these violent games is because customerslove and buy them. A person could argue that these companies onlycare about the profits and not the consequences. One surprising thingis the number of cases that have failed in court when trying to showhow violent games change human behaviors.

Another type of product liabilitythat can be used to sue the game producing company is the inadequacyof instruction. If a company fails to inform or warn the customers orprovide inadequate warnings, that they are any foreseeable risksposed by a product, they can be sued in an accident occurs. Even ifthe sellers or distributors omit the warnings, they are both liablefor any injuries caused by the product to the customers. This type ofliability is characterized as a strict product liability(Miller &amp Roger, 78). Anyomission of importantinstructions on products makes it reasonably not safer. In the casestudy of violent games that are sold to individuals, lack enoughwarnings. Due to negligence that these games cannot cause anybehavior changes according to the game manufacturing industries, theydecide not to include some of the warnings.

There is an incident wherestudents called Eric Harris killed six people. According to a panelof psychiatrists and psychologist, the individual was obsessed withextreme violent video games. They included that his behaviors lackedempathy and conscience. When such cases are taken to court they areeither settled, dismissed or won by the game companies. Many warningsare included with violent games, but they do not seem to providelegal to protest game publishers. Incidents where game companies aresued the juries do not award any damages to plaintiffs withpreexisting conditions. In another scenario, games caused the killingby student known as Adam Lanza, but when the company was sued, theyended up winning the case. In such occurrence, defense alwaysindicated that the plaintiff lacks sufficient evidence thatidentifies the seller or the product caused the alleged injuries.Connecting the games violence with the games made by the bigcompanies is always difficult. Market share liability cannot be usedin these scenarios for many games are produced by specific companiesand the injuries caused by the product are directly connected to thegame manufacturers (&quotWhatIs Product Liability? – Findlaw&quot). Some of the game manufacturerdefense argues that the plaintiff that the product was altered afterit was sold to the customer. In such cases, the manufacturer is notliable for any injuries caused by the product.

In conclusion, an individual cansue any company when their product causes injuries. The mostimportant thing is whether the company is liable for the injuriescaused by the product. There are ways a company can be liable forproduct injury, and one is an inadequate warning. The defendants havewon some of the cases. The surprising thing about suing gamecompanies due to their violent games is that they have won most thecases. Due to this reason, the number of tragic incidents caused byviolent behaviors will increase in the future. Violent games continueto change behaviors of both young and old gamers. The best thing thatcan happen is to increase research in this area and try to prove thatviolent games are responsible for some tragic incidents. Gamemanufacturers should try to control the type of game they release tothe customers. New policies should be made which will try to controland change the production of extremely violent games. Parents shouldavoid buying violent video games for their children. Customers shouldstop buying the violent video games so that they can discouragecompanies from making them.

Workcited

&quot22Charts &amp Graphs On Video Games &amp Youth Violence – ViolentVideo Games – Procon. Org&quot. Videogames.Procon. Org,2010,http://videogames.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=003627.

Bushman,Brad. &quotOpinion: Do Violent Video Games Play A Role In Shootings?- CNN. Com&quot.&nbspCNN,2013, http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/18/opinion/bushman-video-games/.

Fletcher/Movieguide,Lyndee. &quot14 Mass Murders Linked To Violent VideoGames&quot.&nbspCharismaNews,2015,http://www.charismanews.com/culture/52651-14-mass-murders-linked-to-violent-video-games.

GregoryA. Maceau, Esq. &quotProduct Liability Lawsuit Information – GetLegal Help Right Away&quot.&nbspFamilyLawyers, Divorce Lawyers In Colorado Springs: Maceau Law,2013, http://www.maceaulaw.com/product-liability-lawsuit/.

Miller,Roger. &quotCengage Advantage Books: Business Law: The First Course- Summarized Case Edition&quot.GoogleBooks,2014,

&quotWhatIs Product Liability? – Findlaw&quot.&nbspFindlaw,http://injury.findlaw.com/product-liability/what-is-product-liability.html.

Yourname: ___

Nameof the person you are responding to: TaylorCoachman&nbsp

PeerEvaluation Worksheet (use the back of the sheet if you need moreroom)

Introduction of thepaper:

Find the thesis. Underline iton draft, or write it here.

Onein this case, is the issue on whether transgender individuals shouldbe allowed to use the bathroom based on the gender they identify as.

How does the thesis limit thefocus of the paper? Is the thesis too general?

The thesis limits the paper toa specific issue of bathroom use by transgender individuals. It isspecific and not too general.

Does the introduction includeadequate background information? List some specifics here.

The introduction providesessential background information which includes the definition oftransgender and an overview of some of the opposing argumentsrelating to the topic.

Should the introduction beexpanded or tightened? Why?

The introduction is sufficientand should not be expanded or tightened. This is because it providesa highlight of all the aspects discussed in the paper.

Does the introduction“announce” the layout of the rest of the paper? What lets youknow this?

Although the introductionmentions the main points in the paper, it does not give a layout ofthe paper. This is because there are many aspects discussed in thepaper that are not highlighted in the introduction.

Has the writer made you wantto learn more? Why or why not?

Yes. There are topicsdiscussed in the paper which have enlightened me on issues affectingtransgender people.

Body:

Underline the topic sentenceson the paper. Is there a clear connection between each of theparagraphs and the thesis? If not, where do you see problems?

There are no defined topicsdue to the writing style used in the paper. There are clearconnections between the paragraphs.

Are points substantiated withevidence? Is the evidence pertinent, reliable, and/or verifiable?

All the points aresubstantiated and the evidence can be verified.

Are paragraphs unified(exploring only one idea)? Point out paragraphs that lack unity.

The paragraphs are unified.

Are paragraphs developed (isthere enough information in each paragraph)? Point out paragraphsthat lack development.

The paragraphs are welldeveloped.

Are there in-text citations inMLA style ifsources are used?

The in text citation in MLAstyle have not been used correctly.

Conclusion:

Is the thesis restated (and,if possible, reworded)?

The thesis is restated in theconclusion.

Is the length of theconclusion appropriate? Does it need to be tightened or expanded? Why?

The length is appropriate anddoes not require expansion or tightening.

What strategies does the paperuse to close the discussion (ex: brief summary of points,recommendation)?

The paper closes thediscussion using appropriate examples that summarizes the topic.

Are you interested in learningmore about (has the author made the topic relevant to you)? Why orwhy not?

The author has created someinterests in learning more about the topic by highlighting some ofthe challenges faced by transgender people.

Overall Recommendations:

Are there issues related togrammar and punctuation that the author needs to address? If so,what are they?

The grammar and punctuation isfair with limited number of mistakes.

Have sources been quotedcorrectly, if sources were used?

Some of the sources have notbeen quoted correctly.

Is the Works Cited formattedcorrectly, if sources were used?

The works cited page is notcorrectly formatted.

List three strengths(what you feel the author did well) and three weakness (areas thatneed improvement) of the paper.

Strengths

• Good grammar.

• Adequate information.

• Convincing arguments

Weaknesses

• Poor referencing.

• Lack of clear topic sentences.

• Organization of ideas.

Lastname 1

Yourname

Mr.teacher

Classname

12-11-2016

TheNew World of Columbus

Thisis a short essay on the discoveries of Christopher Columbus, and thecontents of this paper are based on an analysis of the journalentries he had left behind. In the journals and letter CristopherColumbus wrote in the 1490’s when he first found a piece of landafter sailing for months, he described the land as fertile and mostbeautiful with endless mountains of different sizes and shapes andthe landscape filled with greenery wherever he looked. He named theisland Hispaniola because he thought it was a perfect harmony ofnature(Morison, 1971).His journals reflect his emotions and excitements about the islandthat he felt at first sight. It was clear that he found the landvery exotic as many descriptions of mountains, birds and rivers wererepeatedly mentioned in his journals. He mentioned the island to havea huge population and it was full of life, which clearly reflectsthat he was overwhelmed by the number of natives Columbus had seenthere. He also said that “the interior are mines of metal”, whichmeans that he saw the island a potential mine for gold that can betraded. After all, Columbus was a trader. His main purpose of sailingacross the sea was not only the discovery of land and adventure butalso finding valuable items and resources that he could take back toEurope with himself(Fernández-Armesto,1991).

Inthe other parts of his journals and letters, he talked about thenative people that he met on the island. He described them as nakedand weak, which clearly reflects that he saw them as an uncivilizedpopulation. Columbus wrote that he hadn’t seen any iron or metalweapons with them, which means that the native American’s still hadthe prehistoric mindsets and hadn’t yet discovered the use of metaland iron (Fernández-Armesto,1991).Columbus didn’t see them as a strong tribe, rather he describedthem as generous and intelligent.

Toconclude the analysis of his journals, we can say that Columbus foundthe new land very fascinating as it was. He saw the people and theenvironment very different from what he used to see in Europe, and itencouraged him sail upon many other adventures later in his life.

WorksCited

Fernández-Armesto,Felipe. Columbus.1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991. Print.

Morison,Samuel Eliot. TheEuropean Discovery Of America.1st ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971. Print.

Yourname: ___

Nameof the person you are responding to: _

PeerEvaluation Worksheet (use the back of the sheet if you need moreroom)

Introductionof the paper:

Find the thesis. Underlineit on draft, or write it here.

“Tobe heard they cannot stand-alone and without the help, they will notbe successful on trying to change the world,”is the thesis statement of this paper.

How does the thesis limitthe focus of the paper? Is the thesis too general?

The thesis statement is notgeneral, as a matter of fact it restricts the writer to discuss howthe transgender society requires to be supported. If the thesis wasgeneral, the writer would have room to broaden the discussion.

Does the introductioninclude adequate background information? List some specifics here.

The introduction is notsufficient since the writer does not provide enough backgroundinformation to guide the reader in comprehending the case. One ofthe specifics is, “Imagine being told that you cannot do somethingdue to your identity. In different a situation, the society is notallowing the transgender community to be true who they are as aperson.”

Should the introduction beexpanded or tightened? Why?

The introduction should beexpanded to give apprehension to the reader of what happened beforeand how he will go about the whole paper.

Does the introduction“announce” the layout of the rest of the paper? What lets youknow this?

Yes, it does. The writertalks about how the transgender society is voiceless and needs helpto claim a magnificent voice. Throughout the paper, he addressessituations where the court system and the school board did notconsider Grimm and rallies the reader to assist in changing thatdiscrimination. “In most cases, transgender people tend to betreated as if they are not even human beings.”

Has the writer made youwant to learn more? Why or why not?

Yes, the writer has made mewant to learn more on how the transgender have been discriminated andhow their voices could be heard. The thesis statement created aninterest in me on how the transgender could be helped.

Body:

Underline the topicsentences on the paper. Is there a clear connection between each ofthe paragraphs and the thesis? If not, where do you see problems?

Yes, the connection betweenthe thesis and the paragraphs is appropriately established. Theyprovide insight on how the transgender voices have been shut down andhow they can be reclaimed.

Are points substantiatedwith evidence? Is the evidence pertinent, reliable, and/orverifiable?

The substance of the pointsis clearly stated, and the evidence that the writer provided wassuitable and verifiable as the clauses and quotes provided areefficient.

Are paragraphs unified(exploring only one idea)? Point out paragraphs that lack unity.

The ideas in the paragraphsare well unified and agree with each one of the paragraphs.

Are paragraphs developed(is there enough information in each paragraph)? Point outparagraphs that lack development.

The paragraphs are very wellestablished and developed because the writer has provided adequateinformation to back up his topic sentences. Although, the thirdparagraph from the bottom is slightly not in tandem with its topicsentence.

Are there in-text citationsin MLA style ifsources are used?

The writer has not used theMLA style for citation.

Conclusion:

Is the thesis restated(and, if possible, reworded)?

The conclusion is correctlywritten it is a paraphrasing of the thesis statement and the topicsentences.

Is the length of theconclusion appropriate? Does it need to be tightened or expanded? Why?

It is not appropriate. Itshould be expanded since some information has been cut out of theconclusion.

What strategies does thepaper use to close the discussion (ex: brief summary of points,recommendation)?

The approach the paper hasused to conclude is a summary of points and rewording of the thesisstatement.

Are you interested inlearning more about (has the author made the topic relevant to you)? Why or why not?

The paper has enlightened meon the plight of the transgender society, and I am interested inlearning more on this topic.

OverallRecommendations:

Are there issues related togrammar and punctuation that the author needs to address? If so,what are they?

The author has a criticalissue with grammar and punctuation as the whole paper is full ofgrammatical errors and improper punctuation. For example, “Therewere a numerous amount of members that supported the proposed,however, on the other hand there were individual who did not supportthis issue.”

Have sources been quotedcorrectly, if sources were used?

The citation and quotation ofsources was improper.

Is the Works Citedformatted correctly, if sources were used?

The author did not format thepaper correctly according to MLA style.

List three strengths(what you feel the author did well) and three weakness (areas thatneed improvement) of the paper.

Thestrengths include the writer had a smooth flow of ideas, build up onthe thesis statement and good topic sentences.

Theweaknesses include poor grammar, failure to cite properly as per therequirements of the MLA style, and insufficient backgroundinformation in the introduction.

Last Name 1

Instructor Name

Howa Game Video Company Can Be Guilty Of Product Liability

In the recent years, there havebeen some cases of rampage shootings that are related to playingviolent video games. For example, a shooting in Washington Navy Yardthat left 13 people dead (Bushman&amp Brad, n.p). After a few days, reports were released that provedthe shooter played extremely violent video games. Some of theshooter`s friends informed the media that he played almost 16 hours aday and they believed that the shooting must be related to theviolent video games. Video game fans are quick to react and disputesuch kind of allegations. When incidents like this happen, some blameto lean on the manufacturer of the video games (Bushman, Brad). Someof the game manufacturers have been sued due to their violent videogames. The main argument that tends to arise is whether the companieswho make such games are liable to such incidents and whether theyshould be sued. What people want is a yes-or-no answer supporting theargument that the video games are liable to such action(Fletcher &ampLyndee, n.p).According to numerous studies, there are some links between violentvideo games and violent behaviors. If an individual decided to suethe video game companies, how will he or she go through it? All thecases that video game companies have been sued involve productliability issues. When sellers or a manufacturer hands a defectiveproduct to consumers, they are held liable for their actions(Fletcher &amp Lyndee, n.p).They are several types of product liability, but only a few can beused to sue video game companies. These types of product liabilityhave always been used in court, but most of the time they failbecause of the lack of evidence.

Productliability types that can be used in video game violence scenarios

In a general overview of productliability, theyshould meet theexpectations of a customer, and the manufacturer and seller areliable if a product defect causes injuries to a customer. A companycan be sued when a product has an unexpected defect that might risk acustomer’s life. When dealing with a scenario where a video gamecompany is sued for changes of human behavior, one should understandthat there is no product liability law. Product liabilities are basedon theories of strict liability, negligence, and breach of warranty(Gregory &amp Marceau, n.p). Oneof the product liability that can be used to sue a video game companyfor violence behaviors of gamers is product design defect.

If a videogame has a designdefect and there is, a foreseeable risk a company can be sued in suchan occasion. If thegame design hadanother alternative that could cause less harm, but the company,distributor omitted the reasonable design the company can be sued.There are many studies about the effect of violent video games andsome support that they affect the human behaviors. One recent studydone at Ohio state university concludes that people who play violentgames for long periods and eat steady diet, eventually see the worldas a violent place.

Negative effects of playingviolent games can be used to describe companies that make this gamehave product liability (Gregory&amp Marceau, n.p). An individual can argue that these companieshave the technology to make better games that are less violent.According to many studies, the reasons why the video gamemanufacturing companies make these violent games is because customerslove and buy them. A person could argue that these companies onlycare about the profits and not the consequences. One surprising thingis the number of cases that have failed in court when trying to showhow violent games change human behaviors.

Another type of product liabilitythat can be used to sue the game producing company is the inadequacyof instruction. If a company fails to inform or warn the customers orprovide inadequate warnings, that they are any foreseeable risksposed by a product, they can be sued in an accident occurs. Even ifthe sellers or distributors omit the warnings, they are both liablefor any injuries caused by the product to the customers. This type ofliability is characterized as a strict product liability(Miller &amp Roger, 78). Anyomission of importantinstructions on products makes it reasonably not safer. In the casestudy of violent games that are sold to individuals, lack enoughwarnings. Due to negligence that these games cannot cause anybehavior changes according to the game manufacturing industries, theydecide not to include some of the warnings.

There is an incident wherestudents called Eric Harris killed six people. According to a panelof psychiatrists and psychologist, the individual was obsessed withextreme violent video games. They included that his behaviors lackedempathy and conscience. When such cases are taken to court they areeither settled, dismissed or won by the game companies. Many warningsare included with violent games, but they do not seem to providelegal to protest game publishers. Incidents where game companies aresued the juries do not award any damages to plaintiffs withpreexisting conditions. In another scenario, games caused the killingby student known as Adam Lanza, but when the company was sued, theyended up winning the case. In such occurrence, defense alwaysindicated that the plaintiff lacks sufficient evidence thatidentifies the seller or the product caused the alleged injuries.Connecting the games violence with the games made by the bigcompanies is always difficult. Market share liability cannot be usedin these scenarios for many games are produced by specific companiesand the injuries caused by the product are directly connected to thegame manufacturers (&quotWhatIs Product Liability? – Findlaw&quot). Some of the game manufacturerdefense argues that the plaintiff that the product was altered afterit was sold to the customer. In such cases, the manufacturer is notliable for any injuries caused by the product.

In conclusion, an individual cansue any company when their product causes injuries. The mostimportant thing is whether the company is liable for the injuriescaused by the product. There are ways a company can be liable forproduct injury, and one is an inadequate warning. The defendants havewon some of the cases. The surprising thing about suing gamecompanies due to their violent games is that they have won most thecases. Due to this reason, the number of tragic incidents caused byviolent behaviors will increase in the future. Violent games continueto change behaviors of both young and old gamers. The best thing thatcan happen is to increase research in this area and try to prove thatviolent games are responsible for some tragic incidents. Gamemanufacturers should try to control the type of game they release tothe customers. New policies should be made which will try to controland change the production of extremely violent games. Parents shouldavoid buying violent video games for their children. Customers shouldstop buying the violent video games so that they can discouragecompanies from making them.

Workcited

&quot22Charts &amp Graphs On Video Games &amp Youth Violence – ViolentVideo Games – Procon. Org&quot. Videogames.Procon. Org,2010,http://videogames.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=003627.

Bushman,Brad. &quotOpinion: Do Violent Video Games Play A Role In Shootings?- CNN. Com&quot.&nbspCNN,2013, http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/18/opinion/bushman-video-games/.

Fletcher/Movieguide,Lyndee. &quot14 Mass Murders Linked To Violent VideoGames&quot.&nbspCharismaNews,2015,http://www.charismanews.com/culture/52651-14-mass-murders-linked-to-violent-video-games.

GregoryA. Maceau, Esq. &quotProduct Liability Lawsuit Information – GetLegal Help Right Away&quot.&nbspFamilyLawyers, Divorce Lawyers In Colorado Springs: Maceau Law,2013, http://www.maceaulaw.com/product-liability-lawsuit/.

Miller,Roger. &quotCengage Advantage Books: Business Law: The First Course- Summarized Case Edition&quot.GoogleBooks,2014,

&quotWhatIs Product Liability? – Findlaw&quot.&nbspFindlaw,http://injury.findlaw.com/product-liability/what-is-product-liability.html.

Last Name 1

Instructor Name

AnsweringQuestions

1. Education expert Thomas Mortenson says that “the female lock on power” is a “stunning gender reversal in American education.” What facts and anecdotes support his statement? Does his statement ring true compared to your own experiences and observations? Explain.

Thefact that supports Thomas Mortenson statement is observed in thekindergarten. According to his review, boys are becoming the secondsex and women are progressing well through the educational system.According to the Harvard University, every inch of educationalprogress is headed to the women. According to the author, there is agendered takeover, and the women are improving their educationallevel every day. According to my experience and observations, I agreewith this statement. Where I study, women are in charge in most ofthe great ideas produced in school. This shows the takeover of womenin the educational system. Women are performing well in academics,projects, and sports.

2. What evidence does the author provide to bolster the claim that boys are, indeed, falling behind, and how serious do you think this problem really is?

Theauthor has provided much evidence that proves boys are falling behindin school. One of the evidence is, in America out of 233 students,only 100 boys achieve the BAs degree. The author claims due to a lotof diversions and distractions such as video games and weightliftingsessions 30 percent of male students are likely to drop out. Hefurther explains that the female students graduating with a BAsdegree will increase. Out of 243 students, only 100 boys will achievethe BAs degree. According to this analysis, I find the problemserious and there is need for some intervention.

3. Although there are more female college graduates, the males in America still make the most money, and as the author states, “ninety percent of the world’s billionaires are men To what might you attribute this dichotomy?

Menearn better pay than women do, and this makes them have a biggerpercentage of the world’s billionaires. The reason for thisoccurrence is because in the past women were not that active ineducation and business. Soon this will change and currently thenumber of women billionaires has increased. What has caused thesechanges is the current women educational level. The percentage ofwomen who have better jobs and salary is increasing.

4. Examine all the possible causes, both stated in this article and those not included, to the current trend that shows boys doing poorly in school. What in your opinion has been the biggest change in the past thirty years to initiate such a trend?

Themain reason why boys are doing poorly in schools according to thearticle is the concentration of things that are not educationalrelated. The educational systems are neglecting the boys, and thereare fewer organizational trying to help males. According to myobservation, the biggest change in the past thirty years is the lackof support of the male students and much focus on the women.

Last Name 1

Instructor Name

BarbraJordan

Atransition person can be described as someone who destroys unhealthy,abusive and harmful behavior and aftermath achieve a helpful andeffective behavior. A transition person creates positive behavior,then passes them to other people in order to build them in a positiveway. Barbra Jordan was born in 1936, in Houston, Texas. During herchildhood and even school life, she faced a lot of segregationbecause of her skin color and hair texture. She encounteredsegregation in all areas, from restrooms, swimming pools, hospitalwards, cafeterias and even churches. Despite her challenges in herschooling, she was an outstanding student in debating, a gift sherealized while still in high school. In her later years, the skill ofdebating enabled her fight more for the rights of the blacks. Beinggifted to Barbra was a message to her that she had to be aware of thelimits of her ambitions. All opportunities that were open to thewhites were closed to the blacks. Barbra therefore, was expected toknow her place in the society as a young black woman. She learnt toget comfortable with her state of being black. She knew she was aspecial being despite her skin color (Jordan 23-25). Her being atransition person came about in the following ways first of all, shefought the segregation, she faced by winning a seat in the Senate ofTexas as the first black woman to serve as an African-American statesenator. Secondly, she was made the chairperson of the AmericanCommission on Immigration Reform. In this position, she fought forincreased restriction on immigration and a rise in penalties forthose who broke the American immigration rules. Thirdly, shesupported a legislation called the Community Reinvestment Act, whichstipulated that banks offer lending services to the minority in thesociety such as the blacks. Fourth, she fought for the Voting RightsAct to be renewed in order to cater for language minorities in thecountry. Lastly, Barbra fought for progressive politics where themission was to ensure that there was fair treatment of everyone,irrespective of their race, gender or sexual orientation.

BarbraJordan rejected negative scripting, especially the ones that talkednegatively about people with a different skin color. These articleswere arguing that a person’s skin color determined their worth.Those who had black skin faced inferiority judgment to those who hadwhite skin. Those who had black skin color were called charcoal,smoke, copper or high yellow. These negative scripts argued that theblacks were not as good as the whites who had blue eyes and softsilky hair. The whites had the advantage of being viewed to be moreintelligent because of their skin color. They held senior positionsin the society such as doctors, political leaders, engineers andarchitectures. This negative scripting originates from the time ofslavery, where dark skinned people were considered stronger, and asituation, which laid the groundwork for a system of color classismin America (Jordan &amp Shelby 68-74).

BarbraJordan rewrote the negative scripts in the following ways she arguedthat a person should love him/herself and not let anybody take awaytheir self-respect. She further taught people through her rewrittenscriptures, that if a person wanted to be free wholly, from theirheart, mind and movement, they were to have something in their headin order to achieve this freedom. She therefore had a driving forceto study hard in order to be a free woman. She also wrote thatmotivation comes from oneself, and if a person looks down uponhim/herself, then he/she would not succeed. Barbra also wrote thatpeople are diverse yet they can be united as one. It was thereforethe people’s responsibility to tolerate one another’s differences(Rogers 124-130).

Barbra’sactions in relation to the habits proposed by Stephen

Actions undertaken by BarbraJordan can be related to seven habits proposed by Dr. Stephen Covey.First, being proactive means that a person should not wait forproblems to occur in a reactive state before undertaking thenecessary action. Barbra was proactive because she did not wait for aproblem to occur in order for her to start solving it. The moment shegrew up and realized that blacks were being discriminated upon, shedecided to study law in order to deliver the blacks from slavery andsegregations. She even campaigned for equality in most of her forums.Second, beginning with the end in mind refers to where a personfocuses on what they want in the future, so that they can create aplan towards these future goals. Barbra realized that the blacks werebeing discriminated upon (Covey 1124-1130). She, therefore, realizedthat she needed to take an action. She therefore began her project byhaving it in mind that in the end she would deliver the blacks.

Third,putting first things first refers to identifying what is importantand urgent and giving this first priority. In Barbra’s case, it wasa priority to place the needs of the blacks first before other needsfollow because the blacks were considered a minority and were stillbeing looked down by the whites as an inferior group. Fourth,thinking of win-win situations refers to having genuine thoughtsabout solutions that are mutual in a relationship between differentpeople. Barbra encountered win-win situations where she advocatedthat blacks and whites were all equal, and not one of them wassuperior to the other regardless of skin color. Fifth, trying tounderstand, then later be understood, refers to application ofempathy in listening in order to show that they care, thus enablingthem to solve problems. Jordan tried interacting with the whites indifferent positions in order for her to understand why the blackswere being mistreated. She empathized with the blacks and thendecided to speak on their behalf and expected to be understood by thewhites. Sixth, synergizing refers to bringing the strengths ofdifferent people together through forming a team and achieving uniquegoals. She also applied the habit of synergizing whereby she firstidentified that blacks were not any different from the whites andthey had similar characteristics (Covey 1124-1130). The blacks alsohad strengths just like the whites, which if were brought together,America would have prospered. Lastly, sharpening the saw refers tobalancing energy and resources in order to form an effectivelifestyle. Barbra applied this habit through ensuring there wasalmost equal distribution of resources to both the blacks and whitesfor the two groups could live a healthy and effective lifestyle.

Inconclusion, Barbra Jordan’s work as a transition person is stillbeing used to date because she worked towards ensuring that people’slives were mad different. She made powerful and thoughtful speechesin order to fight for a group’s right and freedom, the blacks. Justlike her, these people were facing a lot of segregation because oftheir skin color, and she therefore saw a need to fight for theirrights as a lawyer. Her main aim as an executive was to fight forsocial change and do away with racial segregation. As a politician,she took advantage of her position to fight for the rights of allAmericans, regardless of whether they were white or black. She evenwent against her parent’s wishes, to become a music teacher, andventured into a different field of law and politics for the sake ofsocial change. Throughout her work, she encouraged the Americans towork towards the good of all people without putting their skin colorinto consideration. She was selfless and did not work for her ownselfish gains. She is therefore a woman to be remembered throughouthistory.

WorksCited

Covey, Stephen. TheSeven habits of highly effective families.St. Martin’s Press, 2014. Print.

Jordan, Barbara, and Shelby,Hearon. Barbara Jordan.1979. Print.

Jordan, Barbara. Stilltwo nations- one black, one white?Human Rights, 1985. Print.

Rogers, Mary. BarbaraJordan: American hero.Bantam, 2011. Print.

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BeforeSunset

Urbanplanning plays a role in shaping urban structure towards achievingtheir definite shapes. Most of the urban planning are depicted fromthe movies we occasionally enjoying watching from the comfort of ourseats. Paris is popular for its spectacular architectural designs,beautiful streets, green spaces and a river cutting right across thecity not forgetting the famous Eiffel tower. The movie has a settingthat is catchy to the eye. Paris also has moderate population densityowing to the fact that it is overpopulated with neither people norvehicles. The movie depicts Paris as a rather undisputable center forromance and love. In addition to that, the city has a mixed-useconcept whereby there are various cafes and apartments as the moviedevelops across many scenes. All this poses the question whetherParis as a setting for this movie is a well-planned city according tothe movie.

Tobegin with, Paris is depicted in the movie as city of wonder andimpeccable beauty. Apparently, it is referred to as the mostbeautiful city in Europe due to its architecture and fashion. Thecity has various parks and at one point where Celine and Jesse meetin Paris in front of a green garden in the background which makessuch a beautiful scenery. In addition to that, there exists a statuein between them when Jesse says to Celine, “I can’t believeyou’re here.” The statue is a signature of astounding beauty inthe City of Paris. In addition to that, the couple then findsthemselves in a street where there are very few people and onlycyclist passing by. At another street, there is utterly no one. Thisis a sign of good city planning due to the mere fact that the city isnot overcrowded.

Anotherbeautiful scenery in the city is the Seine River. The movie is quitecategorical in revealing the beauty of Paris. At this point while thecouple walks along the banks of this river, we witness trees acrossthe river. The trees are green sighting a quality of good maintenanceof the environment. The riverbank, which is actually concrete, isalso very clean with no litter around the place. In addition to that,there are trees in other parts of the town for instance along thesidewalks. The buildings sighted in the movie are somewhat oldbuildings. This owing to their architectural design and theirpainting which seems faded due to what would seem to be years ofcorrosion by acidic rain water.

Asthe couple gets into the boat and rides on the seine river we cannotdeny the existence of an arch bridge is an absolute show of sheerbeauty of Paris. The city also has many more houses as we get to seeas the movie progresses. However, the main streets of the town differfrom the other parts of the town which are marred with dilapidatedbuildings whose paint have faded off or is peeling off. The city doesnot contain long strips of straight avenues and streets. Apparently,the avenues and streets of the city meander through the city like asnake. Though the streets and avenues are not straight, they are wideenough to allow for pedestrian movement and vehicles.

Cityplanning is regarded as vital considering the fact that Paris is alsohas above the ground gardens and pathways. For instance, at the pointin the movie where Jesse and Celine are arguing whether they had sexor not they go up some stairs. These stairs culminate into animpeccably beautiful path with trees on the sides of it. From here,one sees some very beautiful buildings on the horizon with a clearview. Another thing also is that the pedestrian paths are notovercrowded.

Thecity boasts of its numerous open spaces, which play a big role inbeautifying the city. As we see in the movie, the couple spends a lotof time in the movie laughing and talking. Apparently, this poses agreat advantage to them because they have a great time for physicalactivity away from the working environment. This plays a big role inreducing their stress levels seeing that they are able to open up andtalk more about their lives without interference from hooting carsand many people. The other importance of the green spaces in the cityof Paris is the reduction of effects of greenhouse gasses. In thereal sense, most cities around the world have very high greenhousegasses emission owing to the huge tones of traffic they have. Theygreen spaces also make a great effort in making the cities morebeautiful and attractive. This makes the cities appear even moreviable to live in. The other bit about the green spaces is that thepark acts as a place of solitude for a soul that seeks solitude fromthe busy and stubborn life. This is what is termed to as urbansolitude. The town also has a good survival mechanism since it haspopular joints that signify the existence of life. For instance, thetown has food joints and apartments. Lastly, the city maintains agood neighborhood and living areas with apartments and food joints.According to the movie “Before Sunset” Paris is a city ofmagnificent elegance.

Theexistence of a river in the City is also a beauty to behold. Theriver mainly featured in the movie is the river seine. This river canbe considered to have played a big role in ensuring that the parks inthe city survive for a long time. The river acts as a source of waterfor the parks whether through underground supply or overhead usingmechanical methods. The city also has a good ambience for urbanisolation. We might define urban isolation as the situation wherebyone is separated from the daily activities in the town such as phonecalls, hooting of cars and noise form workmates or friends. At thispoint, one is able to make more out of themselves in that they areable to think productively. This has also been depicted to bepossible in Paris according to the movie for example when Celine andJesse are in a house. In the house, Celine is singing Jesse a song tothe tune of a guitar she is playing. In another instance, the two arewalking along the streets of the green park and they are talkingwithout interference from any external object.

Atone point in the movie, the couple has a moment in a café chattingand catching up on the nine years they have not been together. Thecafé has a good arrangement suggesting that it is important for acity to have eating joints, which is the case in Paris. The city hasalso taken care of the housing in the city owing to the fact thatCeline lives in an exquisite apartment in the town.

Inconclusion, Paris is a city with an ambience whose beauty is a thingto reckon with. In such terms, we can refer to the architecturaldesigns existent in the city from the vintage building to the domearched bridges and even to the latest buildings. In addition to that,it is a city that has greatly appreciated the value of pedestrianswith clean and well outlined sidewalks. Secondly, the city also hasgreen spaces such as the park and the river, which help in easingcity life. The park in the city also helps in providing a spectacularambience for physical exercise and taking rest.

WorksCited

&quotBeforeSunset.&quot 123movies.to.N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Nov. 2016.

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Whyone should become a blood

Thesis Statement

Thereare advantages associated with voluntary donation of blood to donor,which include reduced chances of heart attack, decreased risk ofcancer and offers free analysis of donor’s blood.

1. Reduction of Heart Attack

1. During blood donation, one loses about 25% to 35% of iron in their blood, which is contributing factor to blood clotting (Kiss et al., p 567).

2. Artery blockage by storage of excessive iron determines the level damage of the heart muscles during an occurrence of a heart attack (www.webmed.com).

Figure 1:Image illustrating an area of an attacked heart. Sourcewww.webmed.com

2. Decrease cancer risk

1. Donating blood will help an individual reduce their exposure to allogeneic red blood cells, which are closely associated with various types of cancer (Forgie et al., p 615).

2. Blood donation reduces iron storage in the body decreases cancer and mortality rate (Zacharski, p 975).

3. Donating blood offers free analysis of blood to the donor

1. Before an individual is allowed to donate blood, analysis of their blood is conducted to determine whether they are free from diseases such as sexually transmitted (www.medicaldaily.com).

2. Additionally, the donor can enjoy the chance of their blood being used as study objects with their consent (www.medicaldaily.com).

Figure 2: A blood donorreceiving an injection to donate blood, source www.medicaldaily.com

Conclusion

WorkCited

&quotHeart Attack: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More -WebMD.&quot WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 08 Nov. 2016.

Borreli, Lizette, and Lizette Borreli Liz Is a Senior Reporter atMedical Daily Who Is an Outdoorsy Sports Enthusiast Focused on SexualHealth, Relationships and Healthy Living. Read More. &quotWhyDonating Blood Is Good For Your Health.&quot Medical Daily.N.p., 2015. Web. 08 Nov. 2016.

Forgie, Melissa A., et al.&quotPreoperative autologous donation decreases allogeneictransfusion but increases exposure to all red blood cell transfusion:results of a meta-analysis.&quot&nbspArchivesof internal medicine&nbsp158.6(1998): 610-616.

Kiss, Joseph E., et al. &quotOraliron supplementation after blood donation: a randomized clinicaltrial.&quot&nbspJAMA&nbsp313.6(2015): 575-583.

Zacharski, Leo R., et al.&quotDecreased cancer risk after iron reduction in patients withperipheral arterial disease: results from a randomizedtrial.&quot&nbspJournalof the National Cancer Institute&nbsp100.14(2008): 996-1002.

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1. Reshoring

The Kelly Lester’s business isviable for reshoring because one of the main reasons for her tooutsource was that the cost of manufacturing in the United States wasmuch higher. The government is addressing this problem now, PresidentObama has advocated for an Insourcing initiative, and a recent studyhas shown that in the near future finding an overseas manufacturingcompany with lower operating costs will be hard. This is evidentlyshown in the Keller Lester’s business as she says that theoperations of her company has been crippled in several instanceswhere the manufacturing company shipped her with nonstandard lunchboxes, interruption in the supply chain and at one time did notreceive products for three months. This factor has made her come upwith new departments and the creation of a storage facility thatultimately increase the costs of goods when they reach the customer.By reshoring, she will deliver standard goods in time and will have abetter relationship with the manufacturer than she previously hadwith the overseas manufacturers.

2. Social Media marketing plan for Easy lunchboxes

EasyLunchboxesis a unique company that offers lunchboxes that are designed to makeorganization of food timely, simple and easy for busy moms who haveschool going children. Kelly Lester the founder of the company alsohosts the company web site as a primary marketing tool for hercompany. She is determined to promote her business by using socialmedia as an accelerant in making a name for her company and uniqueproducts she is offered to her customers. The main objective of thismarketing plan is to generate buzz regarding her company and theproducts she offers. The target market for this plan is majorly busymoms who have school going children. The marketing plan will achievethis through the creation, development of a blog-based web site thatwill focus on four social networks within a scope of 12 months, andsuccess will be analyzed by google site analytics.

Targetmarkets

Theprimary targeted groups of customers for outreach are parents,especially moms who have children that still go to school, since theyneed lunchboxes to pack lunch for them. Therefore, the strategy forselection of this particular group of adults is niche marketing.

Strategy

Socialmedia will be used to create excitement as the web site is beingdeveloped to suit integration with the social media accounts. Tobegin with, Keller will use her social media accounts to stirexcitement with her fellow professional and personal connectionsoutside and inside her company. After web development is finished,she will use social media to reach more customers by posting weeklyproduct promotional material and brand name into the site. Most ofthe promotional posts will lead back to the main company websitesince it will link directly to the social media accounts.

Socialmedia optimization

Thefollowing social media will be used for marketing Twitter, Facebook,LinkedIn and Google buzz. Kelly should concentrate more on LinkedInbecause most of the people there are employees and are likely to bebusy.

3. Name branding

Inestablishing a recognizable brand name Keller has to be consistentwith the product and services she produces, this will create a brandidentity and she should follow the following rules based on color

• The impact of color is important, especially in marketing field the first step is to choose the best color that represents her business.

• It is important to know your customers in this case Keller should identify what her target customers most prefer.

• The next step is to identify what color represents Keller’s brand personality

• The final step is to stand out. Your competitors are your main opponents so as a new product it should be instantly recognizable from the rest.

4. Bootstrapping techniques

Theuse of social media is a key technique in promoting her company, butshe can also incorporate other techniques like

• Building her email list

• Knowing her customers better and

• Offering samples or free products to attract new customers

WorkCited

&quotReshoringGets Welcome Attention Good Business Climate Necessary to TakeAdvantage of Potential – MAGNET.&quot MAGNET.N.p., 2015. Web. 04 Nov. 2016.

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LegalizingMarijuana

Thesis proposal

Thecurrent drug laws are doing more harm than good. Therefore,Legalization of marijuana would benefit the country in many ways,such as creation of thousands of jobs, stopping drug cartels, andallow police, courts and prisons to focus their resources ondangerous criminals.

Opposing side

Legalizingmarijuana would have the following results,

1. Increased traffic accidents due to its influence

2. Increased drug use by children through incorporation in snacks such as candies

3. Increased working related challenges as workers might go to work under the influence

Research Questions

The followingresearch questions will help to understand the importance oflegalizing marijuana.

1. Between aspirin and marijuana, which one contributes to more deaths in US?

2. What are the economic benefits of legalizing marijuana in US?

3. What is the correlation between the use of marijuana and violence?

Work Cited

Rasmussen, David W., and Bruce L.Benson.&nbspTheEconomic Anatomy of a Drug War: Criminal justice in the commons.Rowman &amp Littlefield, 1994.

Solomon, Robert, E. Single, and P.Erickson. &quotLegal considerations in Canadian CannabisPolicy.&quot&nbspCanadianPublic Policy/Analyse de Politiques(1983):419-433.

Rios, Viridiana. &quotEvaluatingthe Economic Impact of Drug Traffic in Mexico.&quot&nbspUnpublishedworking paper. Department of Government, Harvard University. www.gov. harvard. edu/files/Rios2008_MexicanDrugMarket. pdf&nbsp(2008).

Murray, Robin M., et al. &quotCannabis,the Mind and Society: The Harsh Realities.&quot&nbspNatureReviews Neuroscience&nbsp8.11(2007): 885-895.

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Howto Increase Collagen in the Body and its Benefits in the CosmeticsIndustry

A type of protein is a simpledefinition of collagen. Proteins are made of the amino acids, whichare made of a combination of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. Everyprotein is unique because of the composition of the amino acids. Forexample, collagen contains Arginine, proline, glycine andhydroxyproline as its basic amino acid components (Mandal,n.p). Collagens are tough and strong structures in the body, and itadds up to 30 percent of the entire proteins in the body. Collagen isfound in the ligaments, tendons, and the bones. These are connectivetissues in a human being and other mammals. It is important tounderstand that this connective tissue helps the skin with firmness,constant renewal of skin cells and suppleness. This is the reason whymany cosmetics products, target the increase of collagen(Mandal, n.p). Another reason whythey target collagen is that it is vital for skin elasticity. Thereare many benefits of collagen in the body and many ways to increasecollagen in the body. One important benefit is that collagen is thepredominant protein in the bones, tissues, ligaments skeletalmuscles, and tendons. It is the main component in the connectivetissue and abundant in all mammals.

Benefitsof collagen in the cosmetics industry

According to esthetics, collagenis very important. Collagen is beneficial to the entire body, andthese benefits are easily seen on the skin. The increase of collagenincreases the elasticity and thickness of the out layer of the skin.The decrease of collagen in the body will cause elastosis, which theopposite of the results mentioned. Elastosis make visible resultssuch increase of wrinkles and aging. According to many researchers,this condition is reversible or permanent, and the cosmetic industryhas taken advantage of this situation. The research was done usingthe double blind method. It was discovered that women who tookcollagen hydrolysate for eight weeks decrease the level of wrinklesby 20 percent (Mandal, n.p). Many drugs have been produced by the cosmetic industry to controlthe aging process. The slow production of collagen will increasecell structure weakness. The skin of an individual becomes thinnerand easy to damage, the skin sags, hair gets lifeless, the tendonsand ligaments get less elastic. These are processes of aging andincrease of collagen in the body produces negative results comparedwith the previous results mentioned. The cosmetics industries producecollagens increasing products. These products slow the rate of aging.Collagen is an important component in the hair and nails. For thisreason, some hair products increase the level of collagen in thehair.

Collagen helps to increase thestrength of the skin structure. It provides protection to the skin bypreventing absorption and spread of environmental toxins, cancerouscells, pathogenic substances, and microorganisms. Collagen acts ascement and holds the skin and other body structures together.Collagen is present in smooth muscles, blood vessels and holds cellsand tissues together. Collagen makes a large part of the hair, skin,and the nails. This is the reason that beauty treatments and shampootrumpets the benefits of collagen, but there are other many internalbenefits observed in the body that are not from a topical treatment.The body produces less collagen with age and stressful modern lifefactors such as gut health imbalances, poor diet and all kinds ofsituations that may increase the level of stress (Mandal, n.p).

There are many benefits ofdetoxing in the body. Many products that have been produced by thecosmetic industries are used to detox. Collagen is extremely helpfulin detoxing because it consists of glycine. This protein minimizesliver damage as it performs regular work. When the liver absorbsforeign substances to prevent them passing to the rest of the body,it is sometimes damaged. Collagen is used to get rid of the bodychemical and fix the gut. People are recommended to use a productthat has collagen to detox their body, for example, a bone brothdetox. Collagen also reduces stress marks and cellulite. There aremany side effects when the collagen level decrease in the body andmore visible cellulite is one of them. On the other hand, increase ofcollagen in the body will increase skin elasticity and eventuallydecrease the dimpling of an individual’s skin.

Howto increase collagen level in the body

Best way for a person to boostthe level of collagen in their body is by understanding how collagenis lost in the body. Increase in sugar level in a person’s bodydestroys more collagen than an individual who consumes less.Exposure of aperson’s skinunder the sunlight is another way the body loses collagen. This isbecause the UV light from the sun will stimulate the release of freeradicals in the body that result in destroying collagens and decreaselevel (Axe, n.p). Aging isanother way to the body decrease the level of collagen in the body.

One of the healthiest ways toincrease the level of collagen in the body is by consuming the rightfood and following a balanced diet every day. Foods that increase thelevel of collagen in the body and the skin are bone broth,vegetables, fish and lean meat, berries and garlic. The way thesefood increase collagen in the body is by direct consumption ofcollagen or by providing suitable conditions for the body to producecollagen (&quotBenefitsof Collagen for Skin and Hair | Wellness Mama.&quot, n.p).For example, the bone broth will produce collagen direct and berriesproduce antioxidants that fight the free radical that destroys thecollagen in the body. Vitaminc is a basic component of the collagen supplements and people who donot want to apply collagen on their skin they consider using thesesupplements. The vitamin is used in the synthesis of collagen. Allthe steps in the process of building collagen structure vitaminmolecules are added. Research has shown the conversion of collagenfrom procollagen vitamin c is highly needed. The cosmetics industrieswill discover many components that are used in the production ofcollagen and they will use this to manipulate the process.

In the future, the cosmeticindustries will figure out many ways to reduce the skin agingprocess, but most of the way will always target the production ofcollagen in the body. However, people should understand there is noone solution for all. They should combine many ways to improve theirlook and aging process. For example, they should follow a goodhealthy diet, use sunscreen, takes collagen supplements and useantioxidants (Mandal, n.p).

In conclusion, collagen is vitalto the body and skin. Cosmetic industry has targeted collagen andprovided products for people increasing the level of collagen. Someproducts that boost collagen in the skin are collagen creams. Theseproducts are expensive and consist of collagen molecules that areabsorbed by the skin and penetrate into the skin layer. The companiesproducingthis product claim that they turn back the clock and make people lookyounger than before. Other products are collagen fillers and collagensupplements. The collagen products may contain serum, vitamin c,peptides, and retinol. These substances stimulate the skin to producenew collagen.

Works Cited

&quotBenefits of Collagen forSkin and Hair | Wellness Mama.&quot WellnessMama. N.p., 2016. Web.03 Nov. 2016.

Mandal, Ananya. &quotWhat IsCollagen?&quot News-Medical.net.N.p., 2014. Web. 03 Nov. 2016.

Josh Axe. &quotWhat Is Collagen?7 Ways Collagen Can Boost Your Health – Dr. Axe.&quot DrAxe. N.p., 2015. Web.03 Nov. 2016.

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Readingas a writer

Theauthor Meredith Minkler discusses the challenges and opportunities ofcommunity-based research partnerships in the paper. In the article,she uses her appeals of ethos, pathos, and logos to present some ofher ideas. According to the author, there are many health problems inthe urban centers and due to their complexity it makes it difficultto use traditional research approaches and intervention. The authordiscusses about CPBR and the problems that affect health research.

Theway the author appeals to pathos in the articles is observed when sheexplains outsider-insider tensions. There are misunderstandings andtensions in CBPR method. For example, the Latin America participantsmay think that they are being exploited as a cheap source of labor.Due to this reason, the participants may become alienated from theircommunities.

Interms of ethos, the author has shown good judgment in the article andhas produced an interesting topic. The topic about CBPR affects boththe researchers and the participants. The author has addressed thetopic using facts. The arguments in the article have reliablesources. For example, the writer explains how the Latin America findsit difficult to participate in health research. The author presentsevidence using an article written by Fals-Borda in 1987. The articlediscusses the Latin America participatory in research.

Theuse of logic to explain the challenges in the CBPR is observed in thearticle. For example, the author explains that there are difficultiesto provide the findings of the research to the participants and inenabling the participants and the community leaders to decide the useof the data and results found in the research. The CBPR partners canproduce formal and informal research protocols, which can help theparticipants, take part in the findings. Findings should be releasedto the participants according to the CBPR.

The author uses analysis topresent her ideas, and she supports every idea with proven facts andresearch. She assumes that due to the problems and difficulties forthe traditional research approach a genuine partnership is requiredto do any health research. According to the author community-basedparticipatory can solve the problem since it combines participation,inquiry, and action to address. The author uses “Begging thequestion” technique to help the reader to understand the chain ofreasoning. The writer assumes as the evidence she provides can proveher conclusion.